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radiation
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
radiation
noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
alcohol/lead/radiation etc poisoning (=caused by a particular substance)
▪ a case of alcohol poisoning
radiation sickness
ultraviolet radiation/rays
▪ ultraviolet radiation from the sun
UV light/radiation/rays etc
▪ the sun's harmful UV rays
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
cosmic
▪ One or two meters of rock will block cosmic radiation.
▪ Another very important factor is long-term exposure to solar and cosmic particulate radiation.
▪ The doctors suspected that his ability to absorb ascorbic acid had been impaired by long exposure to cosmic radiation.
▪ Individual particles in cosmic radiation have extremely high energy, which implies that they are potentially damaging.
electromagnetic
▪ The station, like any other object in orbit, lost energy through radiating it into space as infra-red electromagnetic radiation.
▪ Imagine an object at some definite temperature, electromagnetic radiation being in equilibrium with particles.
▪ A revealing difference between gravitational and electromagnetic radiation is that dipole radiation is absent in the gravitational case.
▪ We are all familiar with the behavior of polarized electromagnetic radiation from Polaroid sunglasses.
▪ In effect, they convert the energy of the electromagnetic radiation into chemical energy.
▪ Electrons, being charged particles, interact readily with electromagnetic radiation.
▪ Light is the form of electromagnetic radiation which our eyes are able to see.
▪ Other forms of electromagnetic radiation include radio, microwaves and X-rays.
external
▪ Nevertheless, the hazardous exposure is unlikely to be monitored external penetrating ionising radiation.
▪ The authors indicate therefore that excesses of prostatic cancer in industrial workforces are unlikely to be due to external radiation.
▪ The recorded doses of external radiation received by the seven fathers were low.
harmful
▪ VDUs are suspected by some of causing eye strain, postural problems and even of spreading harmful radiation across the room.
▪ Substantially smaller amounts of shielding will undoubtedly admit much larger fluxes of harmful radiation.
▪ They screen us from 99% of the sun's harmful ultra-violet radiation - the sort which causes skin cancer.
▪ Large areas, including the United States, continue to get increasingly harmful ultraviolet radiation.
high
▪ To excite an electron out of its bond requires high frequency radiation, falling in the ultra-violet part of the spectrum.
▪ The former, implemented on dense chips, would have a high radiation immunity and would be suitable for use in space.
▪ There is also an increased risk of cancer and high sensitivity to radiation means that radiotherapy can't be used.
▪ The quick, new, high-dose radiation Brachytherapy for cancer patients is also performed at the hospital.
▪ Undoubtedly they were places with magnetic stones and high natural radiation - things much rarer than in our modem technological society.
▪ Fourteen other workers involved in the subsequent clean-up operation also received extremely high radiation doses.
▪ If workers had been in the vicinity, they would have received high doses of radiation.
▪ However, high doses of radiation that damage cells usually produce effects that can be related specifically to the radiation exposure.
infrared
▪ The launcher for the medium-range version will incorporate a projector that produces a beam of infrared radiation.
▪ Dark areas absorb more, are hotter, and give off more infrared radiation.
▪ Shining infrared radiation on the crystal is one.
▪ Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
▪ We must lift detectors above the atmosphere to study gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and long infrared radiations.
▪ Consequently in a static diamond there are no charged atoms to interact with the electric field of infrared radiation.
▪ About 7% of the visible radiation and 30-40% of the infrared radiation is reflected from leaves.
▪ All matter at temperatures above that of absolute zero emits infrared radiation.
ionising
▪ Main outcome measures - Parents' employment by the nuclear industry and exposure to ionising radiation at work.
▪ Persinger has suggested that these reports might be hallucinations instilled into the witnesses by the effect of ionising radiation in close proximity.
▪ Nevertheless, the hazardous exposure is unlikely to be monitored external penetrating ionising radiation.
▪ The questionnaire administered to parents included specific questions about work at nuclear establishments and monitoring for exposure to ionising radiation.
▪ This had only been possible before using invasive manometric techniques or ionising radiation.
▪ Apart from the apparent relation with fathers' preconceptual exposure to ionising radiation, we found no other notable associations.
▪ In recent years, radon has been recognised as the main source of human exposure to ionising radiation.
▪ The malignancies in children whose fathers were monitored for exposure to ionising radiation were not unusual.
low
▪ On a practical point I noticed that the colours weren't as bright on the low radiation monitors that I used.
▪ The person often describes previous episodes of low back pain with or without lower extremity radiation.
▪ Electrical equipment is a source of low radiation and it also releases chemicals when warm.
▪ Cancer, genetic defects and accelerated ageing can be caused by exposure to low level radiation.
▪ Reports measuring the effect of lower radiation dosages conflict with these scare stories, sometimes drastically.
natural
▪ This is the technique which detects stored energy in the crystal lattice of minerals, caused by natural radiation.
▪ In brief, the amount can be compared with the rate of natural radiation and so establish the date of a specimen.
▪ Undoubtedly they were places with magnetic stones and high natural radiation - things much rarer than in our modem technological society.
▪ If there is no safe dose cancer rates should increase as the natural background radiation level increases.
nuclear
▪ The application of nuclear and radiation physics sees a steady increase in the number of titles.
▪ There has never been any question of nuclear radiation seeping out.
▪ It isn't nuclear radiation but electro magnetic and magnetic fields that are causing the worry.
solar
▪ But because ultraviolet radiation is a constant feature of solar radiation, the ozone layer is maintained.
▪ Yet the solar radiation from the sun, then a faint, young star, was approximately 30 percent less.
▪ The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
▪ They grow long tails as material streams away from their rocky cores driven by solar radiation.
▪ Water can be lost through dissociation by solar uv radiation and the subsequent loss of hydrogen to space from the exosphere.
▪ If ozone deterioration persisted, they warned, solar ultraviolet radiation would flood Earth.
▪ Capital cost is nearly £7 for every watt of electrical energy to be produced by solar radiation.
ultraviolet
▪ But because ultraviolet radiation is a constant feature of solar radiation, the ozone layer is maintained.
▪ If ozone deterioration persisted, they warned, solar ultraviolet radiation would flood Earth.
▪ The satellite, called Astron, is intended to study ultraviolet radiation and X-rays from celestial objects.
▪ Large areas, including the United States, continue to get increasingly harmful ultraviolet radiation.
▪ However, ultraviolet radiation must also have aided evolution.
▪ The thermal tide may also be responsible for dim ultraviolet radiation observed to come from the middle of the night hemisphere.
▪ The economic consequences for food crops and other plants of the resulting increase in ultraviolet radiation have received less attention.
▪ So ultraviolet radiation from the Sun would have been felt more powerfully then, than now.
uv
▪ The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
▪ Water can be lost through dissociation by solar uv radiation and the subsequent loss of hydrogen to space from the exosphere.
▪ Visible light has a longer wavelength than UV radiation.
▪ The dark markings correspond to regions in the clouds which scatter less solar uv radiation than elsewhere.
■ NOUN
background
▪ This leaves the problem of how to explain the microwave background radiation.
▪ The 20 tonnes of lead in the batteries has been found to have an immeasurably low level of background radiation.
▪ Their cumulative effect would give rise to the microwave background radiation.
▪ The decision follows concern over levels of background radiation in the city's streets.
▪ Levels of background radiation are frequently published in the Moscow press, and a number of environmental consultancies run radiation monitoring services.
▪ Regular checks by it's own monitoring team show only normal background radiation levels.
▪ He says it was only one twentieth of background radiation in Oxfordshire.
▪ In particular, why is the temperature of the microwave background radiation so nearly the same when we look in different directions?
dose
▪ The age of an archaeological specimen can therefore be determined by dividing the total radiation dose by the annual radiation dose.
▪ The maximum and minimum radiation dose to the rectum was calculated in the plane of the planning slice for each patient.
▪ Thorough revision of laboratory routines could substantially reduce radiation doses received.
▪ However, particularly for the gamma-ray contribution, more direct measurement of the radiation dose is usually employed.
▪ When minerals such as quartz and feldspars have received a radiation dose and are then heated, they emit light.
▪ This luminescence is measured and is directly proportional to the number of trapped electrons, and thus to the total radiation dose.
▪ The radiation dose around Sellafield in Britain is about three times lower than in Cornwall.
exposure
▪ Were the limits set on their radiation exposure acceptable?
▪ Added radiation exposure poses little danger, he wrote.
▪ Harwell keeps detailed information on radiation exposure.
▪ The survey also came up with 10 reported cases of cataracts, which can also be caused by radiation exposure.
▪ However, high doses of radiation that damage cells usually produce effects that can be related specifically to the radiation exposure.
▪ He said credit was due to the contribution of workers on the joint committees which look at ways of reducing radiation exposure.
gamma
▪ The conventional treatment for large tumours, deep within the body, is to bombard them with powerful doses of gamma radiation.
▪ Local doses are often underestimated and plexiglass shielding converts some energy into penetrating gamma radiation.
▪ They used two spectrometers to analyse gamma radiation given off by the blanket.
hazard
▪ People throughout the world suddenly became much better informed about radiation hazards.
▪ The radioactivity to which they were exposed was so powerful that the dead men's bodies were themselves a radiation hazard.
level
▪ Regular checks by it's own monitoring team show only normal background radiation levels.
▪ If there is no safe dose cancer rates should increase as the natural background radiation level increases.
sickness
▪ Another 237 people were treated for radiation sickness, some of whom needed bone-marrow transplants to restore their white blood-cell count.
▪ For some, the visit is a welcome break from medical treatment they're receiving for radiation sickness.
▪ Many were orphaned by the disaster, others still suffer radiation sickness.
synchrotron
▪ This is the point at which synchrotron radiation comes to the rescue.
therapy
▪ Souquet etal also emphasised the difficulty in interpreting parietal thickening in patients evaluated after radiation therapy.
▪ The network focuses on a single application: networking powerful computers to help doctors plan radiation therapy for cancer treatment.
▪ Supervised clinical training is provided in cytotoxic drug treatment and radiation therapy.
▪ They also get radiation therapy five days a week throughout that time and for an additional three weeks.
▪ Patient 4 who had been operated on before referral received additional radiation therapy.
▪ The radiation therapy theoretically may have helped.
▪ In two randomised prospective studies, however, no advantage of preoperative radiation therapy could be shown.
▪ Diablo Medical Center for his radiation therapy.
treatment
▪ The mean time interval between completion of radiation treatment and surgery was 10 days.
▪ From Monday to Friday, Amaro, 55, has been receiving radiation treatment.
▪ Voice over Christine has just been given the all clear ... but only after an intensive five weeks of radiation treatment.
■ VERB
absorb
▪ Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
▪ Scientists can learn much about the nature of an object by studying the way it emits and absorbs light and other radiation.
associate
▪ The penalty for using a reactor is that we must carry the weight of the reactor and its associated radiation shielding.
cause
▪ This is the technique which detects stored energy in the crystal lattice of minerals, caused by natural radiation.
▪ The likely deaths from cancer caused by radiation are still small: 0.1% extra cancers among those affected in 40 years.
▪ The survey also came up with 10 reported cases of cataracts, which can also be caused by radiation exposure.
▪ Medical therapy of diarrhoea caused by chronic radiation enteritis has been largely empirical and there have been no adequate controlled studies.
▪ C, caused by radiation in the environment.
▪ They did not cause any radiation leaks and posed no danger to the environment.
emit
▪ All matter at temperatures above that of absolute zero emits infrared radiation.
▪ Energy lost by electrons as they are evicted from their traps is emitted as light radiation and is termed thermoluminescence.
▪ But a body with a particular temperature must emit radiation at a certain rate.
▪ The lamps emit ultra-violet radiation which has powerful cancer-causing abilities, according to a small pilot study on its effects on mice.
▪ The isotopes are measured by counting their alpha emissions; each isotope emits alpha radiation of a characteristic frequency.
expose
▪ An ordinary body exposed to radiation absorbs some of it and reflects the rest.
▪ If I angered Kosinski, he might eliminate me, the way that Tarden cleverly exposed Veronika to radiation without her knowledge.
▪ The general public is constantly exposed to radiation.
▪ One woman died despite intensive treatment and none had been exposed to radiation or other factors known to cause the disease.
▪ People exposed to radiation at work.
measure
▪ On the ground, teams of scientists will measure the amount of radiation reaching the earth.
produce
▪ The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
▪ Capital cost is nearly £7 for every watt of electrical energy to be produced by solar radiation.
receive
▪ These minerals receive radiation both internally, from the ceramic, and externally, from the burial environment and cosmic rays.
▪ But the crews of high-altitude aircraft, especially on polar routes, can receive significant amounts of radiation over time.
▪ If workers had been in the vicinity, they would have received high doses of radiation.
▪ From Monday to Friday, Amaro, 55, has been receiving radiation treatment.
▪ When minerals such as quartz and feldspars have received a radiation dose and are then heated, they emit light.
▪ For instance, members can now receive radiation oncology, eye surgery, and emergency cardiac care from Summit Medical Center.
▪ For some, the visit is a welcome break from medical treatment they're receiving for radiation sickness.
use
▪ On a practical point I noticed that the colours weren't as bright on the low radiation monitors that I used.
▪ The device uses radiation to destroy tumors and vascular malformations with pinpoint accuracy.
▪ We shall use the term secondary radiation to refer to radiation coming from or absorbed in a plant.
▪ Lunar dirt can easily be used as radiation shielding, and metals can be made as a byproduct of oxygen production.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ Clouds prevent the radiation of Earth's warmth into space.
▪ Sensors detected a dangerous level of radiation.
▪ solar radiation
▪ The tumors are treated with radiation.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
▪ Harmful quantities of radiation are also released both before and after the uranium fuel enters the power station.
▪ Most threatening of these for the marine ecosystem is the exposure to increased ultra-violet radiation through the depletion of the ozone layer.
▪ Souquet etal also emphasised the difficulty in interpreting parietal thickening in patients evaluated after radiation therapy.
▪ The 20 tonnes of lead in the batteries has been found to have an immeasurably low level of background radiation.
▪ The age of an archaeological specimen can therefore be determined by dividing the total radiation dose by the annual radiation dose.
▪ The object's surface is heated by radiation from the atmospheric shock front.
Related phrases:
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Radiation

Radiation \Ra`di*a"tion\ (r[=a]`d[i^]*[=a]"sh[u^]n), n. [L. radiatio: cf. F. radiation.]

  1. The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.

  2. The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.

Related phrases:
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
radiation

mid-15c., "act or process of radiating," from Middle French radiation and directly from Latin radiationem (nominative radiatio) "a shining, radiation," noun of action from past participle stem of radiare "to beam, shine, gleam; make beaming," from radius "beam of light; spoke of a wheel" (see radius). Meaning "rays or beams emitted" is from 1560s. Meaning "divergence from a center" is 1650s.

Wiktionary
radiation

n. 1 The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverge rays of light; as, the radiation of heat. 2 The process of radiating waves or particles. 3 The transfer of energy via radiation (as opposed to convection or conduction). 4 radioactive energy.

Related phrases:
WordNet
radiation

  1. n. energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles

  2. the act of spreading outward from a central source

  3. syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours; "he was suffering from radiation" [syn: radiation sickness, radiation syndrome]

  4. the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay [syn: radioactivity]

  5. the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats

  6. a radial arrangement of nerve fibers connecting different parts of the brain

  7. (medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to radiation from a radioactive substance [syn: radiotherapy, radiation therapy, actinotherapy, irradiation]

Related phrases:
Wikipedia
Radiation (album)

Radiation is the tenth studio album by British rock band Marillion, released in 1998. It reached No. 35 on the UK Albums Chart and stayed there for one week, making it the last Marillion album to enter the top 40 until 2007. The only single released from Radiation was "These Chains", which stalled at #78.

Radiation is the second of three albums in three consecutive years that Marillion released on a contract with Castle Communications between being dropped by EMI Records in 1995 and eventually going independent in the 2000s. The band decided to experiment with different instrument tones, vocal effects, samples (making segues between songs by cutting and pasting pieces from elsewhere in the album), and the like; they also tried a different approach to mixing that left the recording often sounding flat and tinny. The entire album was significantly remixed in 2013 to give a different perspective and rectify many of those complaints.

Due to an announcement on Marillion's official website before the album's release, many suppliers and distributors had incorrectly listed the album's title as either Don't Try This at Home or Radiation Leak. As Marillion's tenth studio album, the number 10 can be seen in the "io" in both "marillion" and "radiation" on the cover; previously, the album had been rumoured to be self-titled as Marill10n (i.e., with the number "10" replacing the letters "io").

The US release of Radiation (on the Velvel label) contains the bonus tracks "Estonia (Acoustic)" and "Memory of Water (Big Beat Mix)", whose original versions appeared on the previous album, This Strange Engine.

The Japanese release of Radiation (on the Pony Canyon label) contains the bonus tracks "The Space (Live Acoustic)" and the Radiohead cover " Fake Plastic Trees (Live Acoustic)", both taken from the Racket Records album Unplugged at the Walls. The latter also featured as a b-side on the single "These Chains".

The 2CD version of the album, containing both the original and the new remixed version, was released on the Madfish label in March 2013. The album was also played in its entirety at the fanclub conventions in 2013.

A 5.1 channel surround version of the 2013 remix of the album was released as part of the Breaking Records Blu-ray set released on Racket Records in 2015.

Radiation (pain)
Radiation (BBC Recordings 84–86)

Radiation (BBC Recordings 84–86) is a collection of recordings from Cabaret Voltaire during their most accessible period. They were also made in the BBC's studios with in house producers and engineers rather than the usual self produced material at Western Works studios.

Radiation

unshielded humans. Radiation in general exists throughout nature, such as in light and sound.

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes:

Radiation is often categorized as either ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the energy of the radiated particles. Ionizing radiation carries more than 10 eV, which is enough to ionize atoms and molecules, and break chemical bonds. This is an important distinction due to the large difference in harmfulness to living organisms. A common source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit α, β, or γ radiation, consisting of helium nuclei, electrons or positrons, and photons, respectively. Other sources include X-rays from medical radiography examinations and muons, mesons, positrons, neutrons and other particles that constitute the secondary cosmic rays that are produced after primary cosmic rays interact with Earth's atmosphere.

Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher energy range of ultraviolet light constitute the ionizing part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The lower-energy, longer-wavelength part of the spectrum including visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and radio waves is non-ionizing; its main effect when interacting with tissue is heating. This type of radiation only damages cells if the intensity is high enough to cause excessive heating. Ultraviolet radiation has some features of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. While the part of the ultraviolet spectrum that penetrates the Earth's atmosphere is non-ionizing, this radiation does far more damage to many molecules in biological systems than can be accounted for by heating effects, sunburn being a well-known example. These properties derive from ultraviolet's power to alter chemical bonds, even without having quite enough energy to ionize atoms.

The word radiation arises from the phenomenon of waves radiating (i.e., traveling outward in all directions) from a source. This aspect leads to a system of measurements and physical units that are applicable to all types of radiation. Because such radiation expands as it passes through space, and as its energy is conserved (in vacuum), the intensity of all types of radiation from a point source follows an inverse-square law in relation to the distance from its source. This law does not apply close to an extended source of radiation or for focused beams.

Radiation (disambiguation)

Radiation is a process in which a body emits energy that propagates through a medium, or through empty space, to be absorbed by other bodies. Radiation may also refer to:

Physics

  • Electromagnetic radiation, radiation that takes the form of a self-propagating wave of electric and magnetic fields, including such phenomena as radio waves and visible light
  • Gravitational radiation, radiation that takes the form of gravitational waves, or ripples in the curvature of spacetime.
  • Ionizing radiation, radiation that is of high enough energy to cause atoms to lose or gain electrons, rendering molecules, such as proteins, incapable of functioning
  • Nuclear radiation, radiation, especially ionizing radiation, that emanates from nuclear processes such as radioactive decay
  • Thermal radiation, electromagnetic radiation that emanates from every object above absolute zero, in proportion to the fourth power of the temperature of the object
  • Synchrotron radiation, also called a synchrotron light source, electromagnetic radiation generated by the acceleration of fast moving charged particles through magnetic fields

Medicine

  • Radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, a medical treatment that involves exposing part or all of the body to a controlled amount of ionizing radiation
  • Radiation poisoning, a form of damage to organ tissue due to excessive exposure to ionizing radiation
  • Radiation, characteristics of an affliction, such as pain, to spread to other parts of the body than the origin

Evolutionary biology

  • Evolutionary radiation, a diversification into several lineages from a common ancestor
  • Adaptive radiation, an evolutionary radiation to fill many ecological niches

Regulatory law

  • Intentional radiator, radio waves that are produced by an electronic device as a necessary part of its function, such as those produced by a radio transmitter
  • Unintentional radiator, undesirable radio waves that are produced by an electronic device, such as a computer or video game console, as a consequence of its design

Music and arts

  • Radiation (album), released in 1998, the tenth studio album by the British progressive rock band Marillion
  • Roddy Radiation, stage name of Roddy Byers (born 1955), English musician
  • "Radiation" is an alias of Toby Fox
  • "Radiation", a 1997 song by Feeder, from the album Polythene
Related phrases:

Usage examples of "radiation".

A goodly number were aflight, but those that had gone between planet and star were suicides, sending only bare glimpses before heat and radiation killed their electronics.

Access fore and aft is through a shielded tunnel, since anyone inside the compartment when the reactor is critical would be dead within a minute from the intense radiation.

These could be filled with aqueous solutions which absorbed the same amount of radiation as the tissue they represented.

Preliminary sketch of the sleep or nyctitropic movements of leaves--Presence of pulvini--The lessening of radiation the final cause of nyctitropic movements--Manner of trying experiments on leaves of Oxalis, Arachis, Cassia, Melilotus, Lotus and Marsilea and on the cotyledons of Mimosa--Concluding remarks on radiation from leaves--Small differences in the conditions make a great difference in the result Description of the nyctitropic position and movements of the cotyledons of various plants--List of species--Concluding remarks--Independence of the nyctitropic movements of the leaves and cotyledons of the same species--Reasons for believing that the movements have been acquired for a special purpose.

He wondered, vaguely, if some radiation from the Arthen Stone was causing this effect.

From Terra to Neuhafen, to Gardenia, to Asperity, to Quintesme and the radiation labs.

By itself, neither was particularly important or active, but together they reacted with each other atomically to release a tremendous amount of raw heat and comparatively little unwanted radiation.

When he turned around, he saw Bap a few feet off, holding a radiation counter.

Carl Simonton, a radiation therapist with Oncology Associates, Fort Worth, Texas, uses a combination of meditation, visualization and biofeedback techniques in treating cancer patients.

Rod levels, capacitor flow, compensators, thruster controls, rackers, pressure gauges, and the jeklight radiation charge.

Just as Kelsey, briskly interviewing Chia on the circumstances of her life, had devised the cover for her impending absence: ten days in the San Juans with Hester Chen, whose well-heeled luddite mother so thoroughly feared electromagnetic radiation that she lived phoneless, in a sod-roofed castle of driftwood, no electricity allowed whatever.

I should not have neglected to add that the damage to the ozone layer through the use of chlorofluorocarbons and similar substances in the twentieth century has brought about a serious intensification of incoming solar radiation, adding to the problem of global warming.

I closed my eyes and refused to look at the half-ruined school as we drew nearer it, and I tried desperately to build the mental equivalent of a lead shield around my sixth sense, to shut out the unwanted clairvoyant radiations that, instead of water, composed the oncoming destructive wave.

Worst leaks look to be primary coolant, and the radiation level in the reactor compartment is climbing.

It is a rule of wide generality, that whenever there is any difference in the degree of exposure to radiation between the upper and the lower surfaces of leaves and leaflets, it is the upper which is the least exposed, as may be seen in Lotus, Cytisus, Trifolium, and other genera.